3 min read

Accessibility in Technical Writing: WCAG 3.0 and Beyond

Accessibility in Technical Writing: WCAG 3.0 and Beyond

Hey there, documentation heroes! Let's talk about making our technical content not just good, but accessible to everyone. And no, I don't mean just slapping an alt text on an image and calling it a day (though that's a great start!). We're diving deep into the world of accessible documentation, where WCAG 3.0 is just the beginning of our journey.

The "Why Should I Care?" Section

Picture this: You're trying to read documentation on your phone while holding a sleeping baby. Or maybe you're reviewing code with a killer migraine. Suddenly, accessibility isn't just about accommodating disabilities – it's about making content work for everyone in every situation. Mind. Blown. 🤯

WCAG 3.0: The New Kid on the Block

Remember when WCAG 2.0 felt like trying to decode the Matrix? Well, 3.0 is here to make our lives easier (sort of). Let's break it down:

What's Changed (AKA The Cool Stuff)

  • Outcomes over checkboxes (finally!)
  • Functional needs instead of disability categories
  • Scoring that makes sense (0-4 scale instead of A, AA, AAA)
  • More focus on mobile and emerging technologies

Think of it like upgrading from a flip phone to a smartphone – same basic purpose, way better execution.

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The "Do This Now" Checklist

1. Structure Is Your Best Friend

<!-- Instead of this mess -->
<div class="big-text">Installing Your Widget</div>
<div class="smaller-text">Prerequisites</div>

<!-- Do this instead -->
<h1>Installing Your Widget</h1>
<h2>Prerequisites</h2>
 

Pro tip: Screen readers love proper heading hierarchies more than developers love coffee. And that's saying something.

2. Links That Actually Make Sense

<!-- The Hall of Shame -->
Click [here](link) to learn more.

<!-- The Hall of Fame -->
Learn more about [configuring your development environment](link).
 

3. Color Isn't Just About Looking Pretty

Remember: If your error message only uses red to indicate an error, it's like whispering in a loud room – some people just won't get the message.

/* Don't just do this */
.error {
color: red;
}

/* Do this instead */
.error {
color: red;
background: #ffebee;
border-left: 4px solid red;
padding-left: 1em;
/* And don't forget an icon! */
}
 

The Real MVP: Alternative Text

Images

<!-- Bad -->
<img src="setup-diagram.png" alt="diagram">

<!-- Good -->
<img src="setup-diagram.png" alt="System architecture diagram showing data flow between the API gateway, microservices, and database clusters">
 

Code Examples

# Bad
# This function does stuff
def process_data():
pass

# Good
# Processes incoming sensor data and returns normalized values
# Returns: Dict[str, float] containing temperature and humidity
def process_data():
pass
 

Making Complex Content Accessible

Tables? More Like Table-d That Motion!

Instead of:

| Stuff | Things | More |
|-------|--------|------|
| Data | Data | Data |

 

Try:

<table>
<caption>Comparison of Framework Features</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Feature</th>
<th scope="col">Framework A</th>
<th scope="col">Framework B</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<!-- You get the idea -->
</table>
 

The "Please Don't Do This" List

  1. Auto-Playing Videos
    • Your docs aren't a TikTok feed
    • Some people get motion sick
    • Nobody likes surprise office noise
  2. Fixed Font Sizes
     
    /* Bad */
    body {
    font-size: 12px;
    }

    /* Good */
    body {
    font-size: 1rem;
    }
  3. Keyboard Traps
    • If your interactive demo is a roach motel for keyboard users, we need to talk

Testing Your Docs (Because We're Not Monsters)

The Quick Check

  1. Tab through your content
  2. Turn off styles
  3. Try a screen reader
  4. Zoom to 200%
  5. Switch to grayscale

If any of these make you want to cry, you've got work to do.

The Deep Dive

// A simple accessibility checker (because we love automation)
const checkAccessibility = (content) => {
const checks = {
headings: checkHeadingHierarchy(content),
images: checkAltText(content),
links: checkMeaningfulLinks(content),
contrast: checkColorContrast(content)
};

return generateAccessibilityReport(checks);
};
 

Tools That Have Your Back

  1. axe DevTools: Like spell-check but for accessibility
  2. WAVE: Your accessibility guardian angel
  3. Lighthouse: Because Google said so
  4. VoiceOver/NVDA: Walk a mile in your users' shoes

The Future of Accessible Docs

What's Coming

  • AR/VR documentation experiences
  • Voice-first navigation
  • AI-powered accessibility checking
  • Dynamic content adaptation

What You Can Do Now

  1. Start with semantic HTML
  2. Build accessibility into your doc templates
  3. Train your team (yes, all of them)
  4. Test with actual users

Quick Wins (Because We All Love Those)

  1. Add Skip Links
     
    <a href="#main-content" class="skip-link">
    Skip to main content
    </a>
  2. Fix Your Forms
     
    <label for="search">Search documentation:</label>
    <input type="search" id="search" name="search">
  3. Make PDFs Accessible
    • Use proper heading structure
    • Add tags
    • Include a table of contents
    • Test with a screen reader

The "I'm Convinced" Action Plan

  1. Audit your existing docs
  2. Prioritize high-impact changes
  3. Create accessible templates
  4. Build testing into your workflow
  5. Document your accessibility guidelines
  6. Rinse and repeat

Remember: Accessibility isn't a checkbox – it's a journey. And like any good journey, it starts with a single step (preferably a properly marked-up step with appropriate ARIA labels).

Wrapping Up

Making your docs accessible isn't just about compliance – it's about being a decent human being. Plus, accessible docs are usually better docs for everyone. It's like adding ramps to buildings: they help people in wheelchairs, sure, but they're also great for people with strollers, delivery workers, or anyone who just doesn't feel like taking the stairs.

Now go forth and make your docs accessible! Your future self (and all your users) will thank you.

P.S. If you're reading this with a screen reader, hopefully it was a pleasant experience. If not, well... I guess I need to practice what I preach! 😅

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